New Parents? Here's How You Can Take Care Of A Premature Baby At Home

The birth of a baby is a joyous occasion, but it can also bring stress and uncertainty, especially when the baby is born prematurely, before the 37th week of a normal pregnancy. These tiny miracles, often referred to as preemies; require special care and attention during their first two years to ensure their healthy development. As a new parent of a premature baby, you play a pivotal role in supporting their growth and well-being.

Here are ten essential ways to provide the best care for your preemie:

• Early Doctor VisitsSchedule an appointment with your pediatrician soon after your baby is discharged from the hospital. These check-ups are crucial for monitoring your baby’s weight gain and overall progress.
• Feeding GuidanceDiscuss feeding options with your doctor. While breast milk is the ideal choice, it may not always be feasible for premature babies. If breastfeeding is challenging, consult your doctor or a lactation consultant for assistance. If necessary, special formulas, vitamins, and iron supplements may be recommended.
• Monitor GrowthUnderstand that premature babies may not grow at the same rate as full-term infants during their first two years. Keep track of your baby’s growth and milestones using specialised growth charts provided by your doctor.
• Consistent Feeding ScheduleMost premature babies require 8 to 10 feedings a day. Avoid letting more than four hours pass between feedings to prevent dehydration. Frequent diaper changes (6 to 8 wet diapers a day) are good indicators of adequate feeding.
• Introduction of Solid FoodsPremature babies typically start solid foods at 4 to 6 months after their original due date, and not from their birth date. Their swallowing abilities may develop slower than full-term infants. Follow your doctor’s recommendations, especially if your baby has any underlying medical issues.
• Adequate SleepEnsure your baby gets plenty of sleep, as premature babies tend to sleep more hours each day but in shorter periods. Always place your baby on their back to sleep on a firm mattress without pillows to reduce the risk of any physical discomfort.
• Vision CheckCrossed eyes, known as strabismus, are more common in premature babies. This usually resolves as your baby grows, but consult your doctor if it persists. Regular eye check-ups may be recommended, particularly if your baby is at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). This is a condition in which the small blood vessels in the eye grow abnormally. ROP usually occurs in babies who are born at 32 weeks of pregnancy or earlier.
• Hearing AssessmentPremature babies have a higher likelihood of hearing problems. If you suspect hearing issues, consult your doctor. You can test your baby’s hearing by making noises near them. If you notice your baby doesn’t seem to hear you, doesn’t turn his or her head, or doesn’t react to a loud noise, tell your doctor.
• ImmunisationsEnsure your premature baby receives all immunisations on schedule. They might need a flu shot at 6 months old, as they can be more vulnerable to flu. Discuss immunisations with your doctor to protect your baby from infectious diseases. You can also talk to your doctor about flu shots for your entire family. This can help protect your baby from catching the flu from someone in the family.
• Car SafetyWhen traveling with your premature baby, use a safety-approved infant car seat placed in the back seat. Make sure your baby’s head and body are adequately supported. You can use rolled-up towels or receiving blankets to give your baby this extra support. Never leave your baby alone in the car, not even for a few minutes.

Additional Considerations:

• Hospital StayPremature babies may require an extended stay in the hospital, often in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This can disrupt your family’s routine and require daily visits to the hospital.
• Protecting from IllnessPremature babies are more susceptible to illness, so limit exposure to outsiders and take precautions to minimise the risk of infection.
• Developmental DelaysSome premature babies may experience delays in learning, gross motor skills, and fine motor skills. Be patient, as they will eventually catch up, even though it may take longer.

As a new parent of a premature baby, the journey may be challenging, but with proper care and vigilance, you can support your baby’s growth and development. Remember that each preemie is unique, and your healthcare provider can offer guidance tailored to your baby’s specific needs. Your dedication and love will be the driving force behind their progress.